PUBLISHED ARTICLES & RESEARCH

[FULL-TEXT PDFS: CLICK ANY TITLE FOR LINK]

1. Rethinking Screen Time and Academic Achievement: Gender differences and the hidden benefit of online leisure through digital skills
   (2025)

2. CASA Renovations: Examining social responses to an anthropomorphic media representative that is separate from the core technology being represented
   (2025)

3. A new meta-analysis of the Proteus effect: Studies in VR find stronger effect sizes
   (2022)

4. Broadband and Student Performance Gaps After the COVID-19 Pandemic
   (2023)

5. An Avatar's Worth in the Metaverse Workplace: Assessing predictors of avatar customization valuation
   (2024)

6. Openness to the Metaverse Workplace: Zoom fatigue and metaverse information seeking mediate gender inequities
   (2025)

DOCTORAL DISSERTATION [MSU, 2026]

CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS:

* PEER REVIEWED

1. * Behavioral Influence Through Controllable Avatar Cars (AVACARS): Applying the technology acceptance model and social cognitive theory in electric vehicle games (2025)

CONFERENCE PRESENTATIONS [PDFs]:

Presentation: How to analyze alter-centric networks as ego-centric, multi-level models in SPSS & Mplus (July, 2024)

• Authors/Order: Hales, G. E.

• Event: [Presented by Gabriel Hales] MSU Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) Workshop; East Lansing, MI.

  Also see blog post: How to analyze alter-level attributes within egocentric network data using SPSS

Presentation: Social Media Use and Gender Inequalities in Reading, Writing and Math: When Leisure is Learning (June, 2024)

NOW PUBLISHED:‍ ‍Rethinking screen time and academic achievement: Gender differences and the hidden benefit of online leisure through digital skills (Hales & Hampton, 2025)

• Authors/Order: Hales, G. E., & Hampton, K. N.

• [Jun. 2024] Conference: [Presented by Gabriel Hales] International Communication Association (ICA) Conference 2024; Gold Coast, Australia.

• [Aug. 2023] Conference: [Presented by Gabriel Hales] 118th American Sociological Association Annual Meeting; Philadelphia, PA.

Presentation: Social Media, Video Games, and Adolescent Well-Being and Achievement (April, 2024)

• Authors/Order: Hales, G. E.

• Conference: [Presented by Gabriel Hales] Michigan State University Fatherhood Forum; East Lansing, MI.

Presentation: Extending the CASA Framework: The Role of a Mediated Representation of a Physical Technology (June, 2024)

NOW PUBLISHED:‍ ‍CASA Renovations: Examining social responses to an anthropomorphic media representative that is separate from the core technology being represented (Ratan et al., 2025)

• Authors/Order: Ratan, R., Earle, K., Lei, Y., Hales, G. E., Jang, D., Kim, T., Lim, C.

• Conference: [Presented by Dayeoun Jang] International Communication Association (ICA) Conference 2024; Gold Coast, Australia.

Presentation: Student Broadband and Performance Gaps After the COVID-19 Pandemic (November, 2023)

NOW PUBLISHED:‍ ‍Broadband and Student Performance Gaps After the COVID-19 Pandemic (Hampton, Hales, & Bauer, 2023)

• Authors/Order: Hampton, K., Hales, G. E., & Bauer, J. M.

• Conference: [Presented by Keith Hampton] Michigan Broadband Summit 2023; East Lansing, MI.